The giant mirror of Viganella built to combat the 83 days of darkness in the year
In amongst the steep mountains of the Italian Alps lies the village of Viganella, a remote commune with a dwindling population of 200. Every year from November 11th to February 2nd, the village is cast under a dark shadow as the sun disappears behind the mountain. The mayor of the village Pierfranco Midali decided to combat this by building a giant mirror on the opposite mountain which would reflect sunlight back into the village. The mirror measures 8 meters by 5 meters and cost 100,000 euros to build and install. The project was such a success that people have began moving back to the village, and the mayor is now regarded as a hero.
"According to the song, Rudolph’s nose is shiny, which means it reflects rather than emits light. Useless for navigating fog."
— Neil deGrasse Tyson
Birds Have Juvenile Dinosaur Skulls
Below content via smithsonianmag.com“Birds are dinosaurs. That much is certain. That deep connection, bolstered by fossil finds and theoretical frameworks, has made dinosaurs seem more bird-like than ever expected. From feathers to nesting behavior, many aspects of avian natural history are now known to have originated among non-avian dinosaurs.”
“Despite the fact that birds represent the only surviving dinosaurian lineage, though, their growth pattern is different. Instead of going through a period of protracted change, as with non-avian dinosaurs, the skulls of young birds are anatomically almost identical to those of adults. And birds take a much faster, more direct route to maturation—many bird species grow to adult size in a year or less. As a new Nature study by Bhart-Anjan Bhullar and collaborators suggests, this feature of bird life can be traced back to ancient transformations that effectively locked bird skulls into a permanent juvenile anatomy.”
“Bhullar and co-authors used a technique called geometric morphometrics to survey the degree of skull change among birds, various non-avian theropods, the archaic archosaur Euparkeria and the modern American alligator. By tracking landmarks on the skulls in virtual models, the researchers were able to quantify how much the skulls of particular creatures changed. As expected, most non-avian dinosaurs retained the ancestral growth pattern—juvenile skulls were significantly different from adult skulls, regardless of how big those dinosaurs were.”
Read the full article on smithsonianmag.com
The African Colosseum in El Djem, Tunisia (by worksoptony).
Enjoy our Never Ending Cat Basket from The Olive Garden.
